Data Sources

Medical and clinical information

• Official national and international healthcare authorities
• Professional medical societies (e.g. specialty surgical associations)
• Peer-reviewed journals and systematic reviews
• Published clinical guidelines

Provider information

• Licensing authority registers, checked directly where publicly available
• Accreditation body registers (e.g. hospital accreditation programmes)
• Provider-supplied information — always labelled as such, and treated as a claim to verify, not a fact on its own

Pricing information

Pricing is sourced from provider-supplied quotes, independently collected samples, or patient-reported figures — each price record states which. See our costs page for how this is displayed.

What we don't treat as a source

Marketing claims on a provider's own website (e.g. "the best surgeon in Turkey") are never treated as independent evidence, even when we confirm the underlying factual details (address, services offered) with the same provider.